Peter Trommler. Laboratory for Safe, Secure Systems (LaS3), Technische Hochschule

Attacks on Internet banking using a malware called “Hig h Roller” triggered the EU cyber security agency to issue a warning and call for action. With the proliferation of smartphones, customers want to do online banking on their phone, too. But a smartphone could also be compromised and so the customer cannot trust what is shown in the display and PINs could be sent to the attacker. We assume an attacker motivated by financial gain through diverting manipulated bank transactions to an account under his control. Based on that assumption, we propose signed transac tion summaries where the signature is created in a separate security device after the summary has been shown to the user and the user has approved it. Keeping the requirements to the absolute minimum, we derive a hardware implementation for the Jolla smartphone and, based on that hardware, a secure software implementation. We use commercial off-the-shelf components and, by keeping the protocols simple, reduce the trusted computing base as much as possible. We then demonstrate how the program in the micro c ontroller avoids common software flaws and show fragments of a formal verification of the correctness of the microcontroller program.

Lübomira Spassova. Luxembourg Institute of Science, Technology – LIST, avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L- Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg Researcher

This paper presents the results of research work performed at the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology ( LIST) evaluating crowdsourcing approaches f or the acquisition of nutrition -related information. In particular, using an online crowdsourcing survey, we aimed at assessing the usability and user acceptance of a set of interaction options applied in different user -supported tasks in the context of semi-automated acquisition of food -related information with smartphones. In this conte xt, the survey also explored the participants’ attitudes towards food-related information and corresponding mobile applications.

Tapani N. Liukkonen. Technology Research Center, University of Turku. Hanna Ahtosalo. Fellow Games, Lemminkäisenkatu, 20520 Turku. Toni Heinonen. Fellow Games, Lemminkäisenkatu, Turku.

This paper reports the results from the field tests of two custom made exergames, based on a commercial off-the-shelf technology, aimed for the elderly people. First game resembles the guided mobility and stretching class, and the second one is more game -like with youthful theme and active mo vement. Both exergames were tested on two sites, urban and rural setting, totaling 19 elderlies. Usability findings are reported in a form of System Usability Scale (SUS) score analysis, and playability aspects as a Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ) anal ysis. Results from the questionnaires are supplemented with observation and interview material. The second game, which had more familiar setting and appropriate pacing, received positive feedback and higher scores from the tests. Based on this material we discuss about the design of exergames aimed for the elderly persons who are not experienced computer game players, the importance of graphical clarity and the need for specialized game experience questionnaire for the elderlies.

Kyle DeFreitas. University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad Researcher, Tobago Researcher

Clustering analysis provides a useful way to group objects without having previous knowledge about the data being analysed. In this paper, we first survey the research done on clustering analysis in education and identify the algorithms used. We t hen present a case -based experiment to show the relative performance of clustering algorithms with Learning Management System log data. We compare partition-based (K-Means), density-based (DBSCAN) and hierarchical (BIRCH) methods to determine which technique is the most appropriate for performing clustering analysis within the LMS. We conclude by showing that partition-based methods produce the highest Silhouette Coefficient values and the better distribution amongst the clusters. The BIRCH algorithm also performs fairly well and can act as a good starting point to find cluster groups in new datasets as the algorithm does not required that the number of clusters be specified a priori.

Margaret Machniak Sommervold, Maja van der Velden. Department of Informatics

Participatory Design (PD) is a methodology concerned with bringing the voices of future users into the design process, as well as with the design of tools and methods that enable the participants to engage in design activities. While user participation in design of new technologies is a well -researched field, this paper presents user participation in the design, implementation, and appropriation of a card -based method. The purpose of the method was to support young patients in organizing and explaining their experiences and expectations surrounding their transition from pediatrics to adult healthcare. Application of PD and the concept of cool in the process of designing the method resulted in a method that the participating young patients could redesign and appropriate to better fit their particular situation. Hence, the paper argues in favor of not only including users in the design of new technologies, but also in the design of methods. Our results indicate that user participation in the design of methods, for use in Participatory Design processes , enable the appropriation of the methods, rather than mastery of the methods. This appropriation may increase the space for mutual learning and may result in better methods and participant-empowerment.

Henrik Engström, Jenny Brusk, Per Anders Östblad. University of Skövde, School of Informatics, Box, Skövde, Sweden Researcher

The aim of the project presented in this paper is that visually impaired and sighted players should be able to play the same game and share a gaming experience. The goal is that the game should be accessible to visually impaired players without any additional tool s, such as text -to-speech, that may reduce the immersion. At the same time, sighted players should perceive the game as a regular game. This paper presents an evaluation of the game where the player immersion has been evaluated through a post test immersion questionnaire. The study was conducted with three independent groups: sighted players using graphics (n=10), blindfol ded sighted players (n=10) and visually impaired players (n=9). Although progress in the game and the reported sense of control differed between groups, player immersion was very high in all groups . T here were differences between the three groups only in one out of five immersion factors. The result shows that it has been possible to provide an immersive experience irrespective of whether the players are playing the game with graphics or using audio only.

Aisha Umair, Anders Clausen, Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen

Energy efficient systems are receiving worldwide attention in response to the negative effects of global warming. Energy efficient systems are concerned with allocation of adequate resources in the Energy Domain to meet the energy demand in possibly severa l Process Domains. In allocation, a balancing problem arises when the energy resources demanded by the Process Domains do not match the resources allocated in the Energy Domain . This situation may lead to suboptimal process performance and inefficient usag e of energy. Solving this allocation problem requires a coordination and control mechanism that can balance allocation and demand between multiple coupled subsystems. In this paper, we propose a novel agent -based software system for solving this type of cooperative control problem. The system performs energy allocation for several Process Domains while considering the individual requirements of each domain. In case of resource inadequacy the proposed solution is able to handle the resulting conflicts according to domain specific requirements for system operation. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated thr ough simulation. Our results show that it is possible to create a coordination mechanism that can achieve a global stable state for energy allocation and demand between multiple coupled systems.

Pedro Isaias, Paula Miranda, Sara Pifano

The evolution and integration of Information and Communication Technologies in all sectors of society has resulted in a transformation of people’s behaviour towards the conventional pen and paper tools. The adoption of technology has enhanced work and learning performance by adding swiftness in task completion, organisation of working materials and capacity of storage. Despite its popularity and value, technology, is still surpassed, in s ome domains, by pen and paper. This research aims to explore the advantages and disadvantages of using both computer and paper for reading and writing. The development of an online questionnaire that was administered to university students intended to examine their preferences and behaviours in terms of computer and paper based resources. Through the content analysis of the questionnaires it was possible to establish patterns of use, personal preferences and to establish a connection between computer and paper use that mirrors both competitiveness and complementarity.

Mortaza S. Bargh. Research, Documentation Center, Ministry of Security, Justice. The Hague, The Netherlands.

Organizations face many challenges in m aintaining the quality of data in their information systems. Often offline methods like surveys are used in existing data quality management solutions . These methods, which are usually used in infrequent time intervals , suffer from high cost s, high delays, and low fidelity inherently . In this contribution , we propose an innovative data quality management framework to dynamically monitor and improve the quality of data within an organization. To this end, the proposed framework relies on a problem resolving process, where users of information systems, e.g., data analysts, use issue tracking systems to report on data quality related problems , as these problems arise in post implementation phase of such information systems. Generally these reported problems are implicitly related to data quality issues. Thus, our proposed framework offers an automatic mechanism to semantically link these problems to data quality issues . Through this semantic linking, the framework offers adde d values for both data quality management community – who has traditionally relied on classic inquiries of human experts to detect data quality issues – and for data analyst community – who has traditionally relied on own expertise, thus rarely on state of the art data q uality solutions, to resolve encountered problems. The paper discusses the set of functions included in the proposed data quality management framework and presents a proof of concept realization of the proposed framework.

Pedro Isaías

Editorial preface for Volume 10, Issue 2 of the IADIS International Journal on Computer Science and Information Systems (IJCSIS). This issue brings together peer-reviewed original research contributions covering the wide spectrum of Information Systems, Artificial Intelligence, Software Engineering, and Digital Transformation.