Alignment is an intentional state organizations aim at. Misalignments are the factors that organizations as a whole and its organizational actor as enablers face in their routine business operations. This paper proposes a misalignment approach based on medical sciences, arguing that by observing organizations as systems and using an approach similar to that adopted by the medical sciences in the study of the human body system, the misalignment classification and ma nagement capabilities mi ght be improved. We believe that the medical science concepts provide an interesting foundation to set the misalignment semantics and terminology, thus establishing the grounds of a misalignment cl assification schema and providing techniques to detect, correct and prevent the misalignments. Ther efore, using a metaphor between disease and misalignment, a set of concepts defined by medical science, such as symptom, sign, syndrome, etiology, diagnosis, therapy and prophyl axis, are adapted to address the problem of misalignment between business and information systems. Based on both academic research and years of professional consultancy, the authors propose an initial and possible instantiation to those concepts, establishing a misalignment classification scheme that links enterprise architecture views, misalignment symptoms and causes, and defining techniques to detect, correct and prevent misalignments.