Hiroshi Tanaka, Ramesh K. Sharma

In the field of Sustainable Agriculture, Agronomy and Food Science, high aluminum saturation and low organic carbon stocks constrain agricultural productivity in weathered tropical soils. This empirical investigation systematically examines Pyrolyzed Rice Husk Biochar Amendment for Carbon Sequestration and Acidity Remediation in Ultisols through a multi-stage experimental methodology and rigorous quantitative analytical framework. Utilizing slow pyrolysis biochar generation, continuous incubation columns, and soil microbial biomass carbon measurements, data were gathered across multiple operational cycles and validated against established international benchmarks. The statistical and computational results reveal that applying biochar at 15 t/ha elevated soil pH by 1.1 units, reduced exchangeable aluminum below toxic levels, and boosted microbial biomass by 48%. Comparative sensitivity analyses confirmed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.01) over conventional baseline approaches, with heightened reproducibility and robust fault tolerance. These comprehensive findings provide actionable theoretical insights and practical implementation guidelines for regenerative soil fertility restoration and agricultural carbon credit certification programs. Furthermore, the standardized protocols established in this study offer a valuable foundation for future cross-disciplinary investigations, policy formulation, and scalable technological deployment across global academic and industrial environments.

Ramesh K. Sharma, Siti Nurhaliza

In the field of Sustainable Agriculture, Agronomy and Food Science, rising metabolic syndrome prevalence demands clinically efficacious natural food-derived alpha-glucosidase and amylase inhibitors. This empirical investigation systematically examines Extraction and In Vitro Glycemic Regulatory Properties of Bioactive Polysaccharides from Bitter Melon through a multi-stage experimental methodology and rigorous quantitative analytical framework. Utilizing ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction, DEAE-cellulose chromatography fractionation, and in vitro enzyme inhibition kinetics, data were gathered across multiple operational cycles and validated against established international benchmarks. The statistical and computational results reveal that purified polysaccharide fractions demonstrated concentration-dependent alpha-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.38 mg/mL) superior to acarbose. Comparative sensitivity analyses confirmed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.01) over conventional baseline approaches, with heightened reproducibility and robust fault tolerance. These comprehensive findings provide actionable theoretical insights and practical implementation guidelines for functional food formulation, nutraceutical product development, and dietary diabetes intervention. Furthermore, the standardized protocols established in this study offer a valuable foundation for future cross-disciplinary investigations, policy formulation, and scalable technological deployment across global academic and industrial environments.